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Research of geomechanical
processes accompanying the transition of a geological fault to a preparatory roadway face
L.M. Zakharova1, V.V. Nazymko1, A.V. Merzlikin2*
1Branch for Physics of Mining Processes of
the M.S. Poliakov Institute of
Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine
2Donetsk National
Technical University, Lutsk, Ukraine
*Corresponding
author: e-mail: artem.merzlikin@donntu.edu.ua
Physical and technical
problems of mining production, 2023, (25), 42-55.
https://doi.org/10.37101/ftpgv25.01.004
full text (pdf)
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the research
was to clarify the geomechanics of displacements
around the preparatory work, the destruction of the surrounding mass, and
the dynamics of the load on the frame mount during the transition of a
geological fault. At the same time, the method of computer modeling in a
three-dimensional setting (FLAC3D platform) was used, taking into account
the time of the irreversible processes of shifting of the rocks mass and
their external deformation.
Findings. Further
development of the solution to the problem of the transition of a geological
fault was achieved, taking into account the best achievements and
achievements of domestic and foreign researchers. At the same time, the
frame fastening was modeled in the form of clear
frames, which were installed 1 m apart. In addition, the task was done in
the mode of large deformations, when the positions of the nodes of the
calculated finite-difference scheme were adjusted taking into account the
obtained displacements and deformations of the rock mass. This approach
significantly increases the reliability of modeling results when the
transition of rocks through the strength limit is taken
into account. Even more important is the direct consideration of the time
of geomechanical processes, when the dynamic
effects that arise in the process of displacements and especially the
destruction of the host rocks are automatically modeled,
and the time, and therefore the speed of advance of the preparatory works,
is taken into account.
Originality. For the first time, it has been proven that the stresses around
the cross-section of the mine in the zone of geological fault decrease, and
the irreversible displacements, the size of the destroyed rocks and the
load on the frame mount in the zone of geological fault increase several
times in comparison with the areas where the mine has passed through an
intact mass.
In an intact rock
mass, the failure zone develops relatively uniformly both on the sides of
the working, and in the roof and sole with some preference in the sole of
the working. In the area of geological fault, the priority growth of the
size of the destruction zone is noted in the side walls
of the working under the conditions when the rate of penetration of the
working remains constant. In the case of a forced stoppage of drilling at
the very beginning of entering a geological fault, the destruction may not
develop in the side walls only, but also in the
roof and sole.
Practical
implications. At the transition area of a geological fault with
an amplitude of more than 5 m and the orientation of the work normal to the
line of extension of the rupture, the approach of the work to the fault
from the lying side, with an angle of its fall close to 45 degrees, it is
advisable to apply a multi-link frame fastening with a flexibility node in
the crypt part frames At the same time, it is necessary to use a combined
frame-anchor fastening with long rope anchors, and their effectiveness will
be significantly increased if their previous tension is applied.
Keywords: deformations, stresses,
transition of a geological fault, roadway face
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